Classroom Collaborators
        
        
        
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Wireless connectivity is providing a level of flexibility for students and teachers, changingthe learning environment in ways that in some cases has to be seen to be believed.
 
            FOCUSED: Experts say that wireless 
            technology's way of engaging students 
            in the learning process supersedes its 
            bottom-line benefits.
 JOHN CHAMBERS, CEO of San Jose, CA-based computer  networking giant Cisco Systems,  paced the main stage in San Francisco's Moscone Conference  Center, admonishing the members of his audience like  a Southern preacher, warning them to prepare themselvesfor a revolution.
"Do you ever watch your children doing their homework?"  he asked. "They're listening to music, instant messaging,  and chatting on the phone at the same time. These aren't  distractions you're seeing, but new forms of collaboration.  You may not like it. You may say, ‘That's not for me.' But  believe me, that'll be you in five years. You will change your  form of collaboration, in your business and in your personal  interactions....Collaboration is the next frontier. It will be  enabled by different concepts and different  devices, but it will be about the  power of the human network in ways we  are just beginning to understand."
Chambers was speaking to an audience  of businesspeople and technologists  at a conference last fall, but  according to Ben Gibson, director of marketing  for Cisco's wireless and mobility  solutions group, the future he described  will be enabled in no small part by wireless  connectivity technologies that are  being pioneered today in K-12 school  districts around the country.
"Schools are a natural environment  for wireless," Gibson says. "Wherever  you're looking to promote collaboration  and more easily accessible information,  wireless is a natural fit."
Easy access to information and more  flexible forms of collaboration were at the  top of the wishlist at Kent School District,  outside Seattle, when it first began pursuing  a wireless strategy back in 1999.  That was the year Apple Computer offered its first AirPort  wireless local area network (WLAN) system.  By 2001, Kent had provided one AirPort-based wireless  laptop cart for each of its schools, and it has been expanding  its wireless capabilities ever since. Last year the district  launched a pilot program that equipped Mill Creek Middle  School with complete wireless capabilities. The pilot is now  a full-fledged program, and the district is planning to wirelessly  enable all of its 40 schools while providing each student  with a laptop.
Kent's wireless strategy, though closely linked to the  1-to-1 computing initiative, isn't about providing additional  network capacity, or even cutting costs. A few years ago,  the district completed a major building infrastructure  upgrade, wiring each of its schools to the latest standards,  with 10 network drops in each classroom. What wireless adds to the district's already advanced network, explains  Thuan Nguyen, Kent's director of operations and technical  services, is a level of flexibility in the instructional process,  and support for the same kind of collaboration John Chambers  was evangelizing.
          You won’t see all the kids sitting in rows, facing the front of the room,listening to the teachers. They spend most of the day in small groupsscattered around the classroom and out in the hallway.
        —Thuan Nguyen, Kent School District
"You almost have to come to one of these classrooms and  see how the students are using the technology to really  understand its impact," Nguyen says. "You won't see all the  kids sitting in rows, facing the front of the room, listening to  the teachers. They spend most of the day in small groups  scattered around the classroom and out in the hallway. Wireless  is a tool that gives them the flexibility to learn their way,  and it's quickly becoming a necessity in the schools."
Kent has standardized its wireless network on Cisco's Unified  Wireless Architecture service, Nguyen says. The system  is running Cisco 6500s—powerful switches to control network  access—with 10-gigabit backbones connecting some  of the schools.
Cisco has been providing technologies for WLANs in the  education market since wireless technology emerged. Colleges  and universities were among the earliest adopters,  Gibson says, but K-12 school districts were a close second.  Now some districts seem to be blazing a veritable wireless  trail for the communities at large.
One of the largest WLANs in the world was implemented  by Virginia's Fairfax County Public Schools. Fairfax County is  the biggest school district in the state and the 12th largest  in the country. Several years ago, the district set out to"break down classroom walls" by providing wireless broadbandaccess to every classroom, says Fairfax County AssistantSuperintendent and CEO Maribeth Luftglass."Our community is very high-tech," she says. "There's anexpectation here that everything will be online. And wirelessconnectivity goes along with that."
Today, Fairfax operates a network of 7,500 Cisco Aironet  1100 Series access points deployed throughout the district's  242 schools and other facilities. The district manages  its WLAN with the AirWave  Management  Platform, a software application installed on multiple  servers in the district's network operations center.
WLAN technology has also emerged as an important  enabling technology that lets school districts extend their  existing networks into areas where hardwiring would be  expensive or difficult. At the Kent School District, for example,  wireless made it possible to put computers into environments  with infrastructure-related restrictions. "We're  talking about buildings that were so old they barely had  power," Nguyen says, "sites where it would simply cost too  much to run networking cables. Wireless eliminated that  restriction."
Nguyen believes wireless is becoming an essential educational  technology. And it looks like he's not alone: According to  Market Data Retrieval's  report,"The K-12 Technology Review 2005," wireless is spreadingfast among school districts. In 2001, when MDR researchersfirst asked schools about the availability of wireless networks,just 10 percent reported using any wireless network system.In 2005, the researchers found 45 percent reported usingwireless networks. "The growth is evident at all school types,"the researchers wrote, "although senior high schools (54 percent)are more likely to have wireless networks than elementaryschools (40 percent)."
Nguyen insists that the value of wireless as a learning tool  and an enabler of new forms of collaboration transcends any  bottom-line benefits it might provide. "During our pilot program,  I stopped into a classroom to observe what was happening,"  Nguyen says. "The students were collaborating  through their wireless laptops, and one student submitted a  document to the teacher related to what they were all working  on. The teacher thought it was a great example, and  asked the student to stand up and talk about it more. It was  only then that she realized the student wasn't in the classroom.  She was home sick that day, but still collaborating with  her fellow students on the assignment."
John K.Waters is a freelance writer based in Palo Alto, CA.