NAEP Data Reveals Uneven Music Access

A new analysis by the Education Commission of the States has identified those states where students do and don't play musical instruments outside of school. This activity has been shown to boost children's skills in numerous ways: motor, auditory, verbal and cognitive. It has also helped strengthen their vocabulary and improved their executive functioning. The commission is a national compact of states that work together to improve education by sharing data and best practices.

The music analysis used data from the 2017 Nation's Report Card in mathematics, which is given to students in grades 4, 8 and 12. The 2017 version of the survey asked respondents how often they played an instrument and read music outside of school.

uneven access to music education in the united states 

The study of the responses by the Commission focused on students in grades 4 and 8, specifically, who reported that they played an instrument and read music at least once or twice a week.

As a report on the findings explained, fourth graders were more likely than eighth graders to play outside of school, 41 percent compared to 34 percent. Fourth-grade girls were more likely than boys to be involved in music outside of school (49 percent versus 38 percent). And students in grade 4 who qualified for free or subsidized lunch were "significantly less likely than their wealthier peers" to play an instrument outside of school (40 percent compared to 48 percent). Across the country, students reporting their race or ethnicity as Asian/Pacific Islander were far more likely to play an instrument compared to their peers (53.5 percent versus 44 percent for those reporting as White or Black, 40 percent for students reporting as Hispanic and 36 percent for those who said they were American Indian or Alaska Native).

uneven access to music education among 8th graders in the united states 

As Claus von Zastrow, author of the analysis, suggested, in light of the multiple benefits of playing an instrument, "Policymakers, funders and community leaders can address such gaps by supporting instrumental music in low-income schools and promoting after-school music programs in communities that lack them."

The full analysis is openly available on the Commission's blog, EdNote. Data is provided on a national basis and state-by-state.

About the Author

Dian Schaffhauser is a former senior contributing editor for 1105 Media's education publications THE Journal, Campus Technology and Spaces4Learning.

Featured

  • AI artificial intelligence interface over laptop keyboard

    Microsoft Drafts AI Code of Conduct, Emphasizes Human Control

    Microsoft has published a draft code of conduct that lays out how its homegrown AI models should behave, with human control taking priority over model capability, autonomy, and even task completion.

  • Male teacher standing in front of the class explaining a lesson to a diverse group of elementary school students listening at their desks

    SMART Technologies Launches Audio Accessibility Solution for SMART Boards

    SMART Technologies has introduced SoundFlow, a plug-and-play broadcasting system that allows classroom audio content to flow directly from a SMART Board display to students' compatible hearing aids, earbuds, headphones, personal listening devices, or speakers.

  • digital data protection and cyber security

    White House Issues New AI Security Framework

    President Donald Trump has launched a new executive order aimed at maintaining United States AI leadership while addressing the security risks posed by increasingly powerful AI systems.

  • abstract glowing cube outlines

    Microsoft Positions Windows as a Platform for AI Agents

    The recent Microsoft Build 2026 developer conference highlighted a significant shift in the company's Windows strategy. Rather than presenting artificial intelligence as a collection of standalone features, Microsoft is increasingly positioning Windows as an operating environment for AI agents.